Within the EU, the resulting ratio ranged from 42 % (in Estonia) to 66 % (in France), part-time employees included. National minimum wages expressed in euro, applicable on 1 July 2018, were divided by the median gross earnings measured from the Structure of Earning Survey (SES 2018). Data are published for reference year 2018, the last year for which earnings data are available, based on the Structure of Earning Survey (SES 2018). Minimum wage levels in relation to median gross earningsįigure 3 provides information on national minimum wages in proportion to median gross earnings, calculated with and without part-time employees. The United States (PPS 920) would also fall within group 2. Their national minimum wages ranged from PPS 717 in Bulgaria to PPS 987 in Portugal.Īll candidate and potential candidate countries with a national minimum wage would belong to group 2, with minimum wage levels ranging from PPS 460 in Albania to PPS 907 in Montenegro. This group includes: Portugal, Croatia, Malta, Hungary, Czechia, Greece, Estonia, Slovakia, Latvia and Bulgaria. Group 2, with a national minimum wage below PPS 1 000.Their national minimum wages ranged from PPS 1 038 in Cyprus to PPS 1 843 in Germany. This group includes: Germany, Luxembourg, Belgium, the Netherlands, France, Slovenia, Ireland, Poland, Spain, Lithuania, Romania and Cyprus. Group 1, with a national minimum wage above PPS 1 000.In PPS terms, EU Member States with the national minimum wage may be classified into two different groups (see Figure 2, non-EU countries are shown separately). As might be expected, this adjustment reduces differences across countries. This is done by using purchasing power parities (PPPs) for household final consumption expenditure. Variations in minimum wages are considerably smaller after adjusting for differences in price levelsįigure 2 compares gross minimum wages applicable on 1 January 2023, after adjusting them to price differences across countries. Minimum wages expressed in purchasing power standards (*Montenegro has unilaterally adopted the euro as the national currency) For this reason, the annual growth rates are influenced by exchange rates movements.Ĭroatia has adopted the euro as the national currency as of 1 January 2023. Note: for countries whose national currency is not the euro (€): Bulgaria, Czechia, Hungary, Poland and Romania, candidate and potential candidate countries except Montenegro* as well as the United States, the minimum wage has been converted to euro using the exchange rate in force on 1 January 2023. The lowest average annual growth rates among EU Member States were recorded in Malta (+1.7 %), followed by France (+ 1.8 %) and Greece (+ 2.0 %). The average annual growth rate between January 2013 and January 2023 was highest in Romania (+14.4 %) followed by Lithuania (+11.2 %) and Bulgaria (+9.7 %). The United States would fall within group 2 (€1 178 per month, at federal level). Their national minimum wages ranged from €399 in Bulgaria to €940 in Cyprus.Īll candidate and potential candidate countries with a national minimum wage would belong to group 3, with minimum wage levels ranging from €298 in Albania to €532 in Montenegro. This group includes: Cyprus, Portugal, Malta, Lithuania, Greece, Poland, Estonia, Czechia, Slovakia, Croatia, Latvia, Romania, Hungary and Bulgaria. Group 3, with a national minimum wage below €1 000 per month.Their national minimum wages were €1 167 in Spain and €1 203 in Slovenia. Group 2, with a national minimum wage higher than €1 000 but lower than € 1 500 per month.Their national minimum wages ranged from €1 709 in France to €2 387 in Luxembourg. This group includes: Luxembourg, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Ireland and France. Group 1, with a national minimum wage above €1 500 per month.Figure 1: Minimum wages, January 2023 and January 2013 (levels, in € per month and average annual growth, in %)īased on the level of their national gross monthly minimum wages applicable on 1 January 2023, expressed in €, the EU Member States concerned may be classified into three different groups (see Figure 1, non-EU countries are shown separately).
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